DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECH
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SIMPLE
PRESENT TENSES
Verbal
(+)S+V1(s/es)
(-) S +
do/does+not+V1
(?) Do/does +S +V1
Nominal
(+) S+
(Am/is/are)+ Noun/adj/adv
(-)S+
(Am/is/are)+ Not +Noun/adj/adv
(?)(Am/is/are)+
S+Noun/adj/adv
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SIMPLE
PAST TENSES
Verbal
(+) S+v2
(-) S + did not
+ V1
(?) Did+ S+ V1
Nominal
(+) S+ (Was/Were)+Noun/Adj/Adv
(-)S+
(Was/Were)+ Not +Noun/adj/adv
(?)(Was/Were ) S+Noun/adj/adv
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PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSES
(+) S+ (Am/is/are)+ Ving
(-)S+
(Am/is/are)+ Not +Ving
(?)(Am/is/are)+ S+Ving
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PAST
CONTINOUS TENES
(+) S+ (Was/Were)+ Ving
(-)S+
(Was/Were)+ not + Ving
(?)(Was/Were ) S+Ving
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PRESENT
PERFECT TENSES
Verbal
(+) S + have/has +v3
(-) S +
have/has+ Not +V3
(?) have/has+ S+V3
Nominal
(+) S + have/has been+ o
(-) S + have/has+ Not +been +
o
(?) have/has+ S+been +o |
PAST
PERFECT TENSES
(+) S + had+V3
(-) S + Had+
Not + V3
(?) Had+ S+ V3 |
|
PRESENT
PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSES
(+) S + have/has+been + Ving
(-) S +
have/has+ Not + been + Ving
(?) have/has+ S+ been + Ving |
PAST
PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSES
(+) S +
had+been + Ving
(-) S + Had+
Not + been + Ving
(?) Had+ S+ been + Ving |
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SIMPLE
PAST TENSES
Verbal
(-) S + V2
(-) S + did not
+ V1
(?) Did+ S+ V1
Nominal
(+) S+ (Was/Were)+Noun/Adj/Adv
(-)S+
(Was/Were)+ Not +Noun/adj/adv
(?)(Was/Were ) S+Noun/adj/adv
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PAST
PERFECT TENSES
(+) S + had+V3
(-) S + Had+
Not + V3
(?) Had+ S+ V3 |
|
PAST
CONTINOUS TENSES
(+) S+ (Was/Were)+ Ving
(-)S+
(Was/Were)+ not + Ving
(?)(Was/Were )
S+Ving
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PAST
PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSES
(+) S +
had+been + Ving
(-) S + Had+
Not + been + Ving
(?) Had+ S+ been + Ving |
|
SIMPLE
FUTURE TENSES
Verbal
(+) S + shall/will+ V1
(-) S +
Shall/will+ Not + V1
(?) Shall/will+ S+ V1
Nominal
(+) S + will+ be+ o
(-) S +
will+not +be +o
(?)will + S+ be+o
Going to
(+) S+
(Am/is/are)+ Going To + o
(-)S+
(Am/is/are)+ Not +going to + o
(?)(Am/is/are)+ S+ going to +
o
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PAST
FUTURE TENSES
(+) S + should/would+ V1
(-) S +
should/would Not + V1
(?)should/would + S+ V1 |
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